MUSM Clinical Faculty Development Series

By the end of this session, participants should be able to: Differentiate Headache Syndromes Distinguish between common pediatric headache presentations and unusual syndromes such as sphenoid sinusitis, herpes zoster, visual snow, ophthalmoplegic migraine, and Alice in Wonderland syndrome. Recognize Clinical Red Flags Identify warning signs in pediatric headaches (e.g., unilateral pain, autonomic features, visual disturbances, cranial neuropathies) that necessitate neuroimaging or urgent referral. Apply Case-Based Knowledge Analyze six illustrative pediatric headache cases to understand diagnostic challenges, misinterpretations (e.g., sinus vs. migraine), and potential overlap with epilepsy, stroke, or functional disorders. Tailor Diagnostic Approaches Select appropriate imaging modalities and consultations (neurology, ophthalmology, infectious disease) based on clinical presentation. Integrate Treatment Strategies Summarize evidence-based management approaches for unusual pediatric headache syndromes, including pharmacologic (e.g., acyclovir, lamotrigine, steroids), non-pharmacologic, and supportive interventions. Promote Early Recognition & Prevention of Morbidity Emphasize the importance of primary care physicians and pediatricians in recognizing “zebra” headache patterns to prevent delayed diagnosis, complications, and mortality.